C# Basics

      Introduction

              C# is a simple, modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft within its .NET initiative led by Anders Hejlsberg.
              C# programming is very much based on C and C++ programming languages, so if you have basic understanding on C or C++ programming then it will be a fun to learn C# programming language.

Strong Programming Features of C#

• Boolean Conditions
• Automatic Garbage Collection
• Standard Library
• Assembly Versioning
• Properties and Events
• Delegates and Events Management
• Easy-to-use Generics
• Indexers
• Conditional Compilation
• Simple Multithreading
• LINQ and Lambda Expressions
• Integration with Windows

later we will discuss about these features.

A Simple C# Program

// Namespace Declaration
using System;

// Program start class

class WelcomeCSS
{ 

  // Main begins program execution.

  static void Main()
{ // Write to output

 Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the C# Station Tutorial!");
}

}

Variables and Data types

          Variables and data types are basic requirements of any programming language. C# is a strongly typed language, it means each object and variable must be declared with a type.There are various types of data types in C# that can be used to define variable.

A data type is categorized with value type and reference type

A complete detail of C# data types are mentioned below:

Value Types:

Data Types	Size	Values	Default value
sbyte	8 bit	-128 to 127	0
byte	8 bit	0 to 255	0
short	16 bit	-32,768 to 32,767	0
ushort	16 bit	0 to 65,535	0
int	32 bit	-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647	0
uint	32 bit	0 to 4,294,967,295	0
long	64 bit	-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807	0L
ulong	64 bit	0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615	0
char	16 bit	0 to 65535	'\0'
float	32 bit	-1.5 x 1045 to 3.4 x 1038	0.0F
double	64 bit	-5 x 10324 to 1.7 x 10308	0.0D
decimal	128 bit	-1028 to 7.9 x 1028	0.0M
bool	---	True or false	false

Reference Types:

Data Types	Size	Values	Default value
string	Variable length	0-2 billion Unicode characters	null
object	---	---	null